This course is designed to enable participants to:

• The need for protection
• An overview of power system fault analysis
• Protection fundamentals
• Relay fundamentals, types and maintenance.
• System grounding principles
• Over-current earth fault protection
• Coordination principles
• Transformer protection
• Generator protection
• Bus protection
• Motor protection
• Line and feeder protection
• Principles of relay application

• Electrical Engineers
• Project Engineers
• Design Engineers
• Instrumentation and Design Engineers
• Electrical Technicians
• Field Technicians
• Electricians

Basic Concepts of Power System Faults and Protection

• The Reasons For Protection
• Principles of protection
• Disconnection Devices
• Protection and system design
• Nature of short circuit currents
• Sources of Short Circuits
  • Short Circuit Protection Philosophy
  • Short Circuit Calculations
  • Categories of Protection
    • Back-up Protection
    • Unit Protection
    • Differential Relays

Instrument Transformers ( CT &VT)

• Introduction To Current Transformers (Ct) And Voltage Transformers (VT)
• Voltage Transformers Theory, Characteristics And Applications
• Installation Of Voltage Transformers
• Maintenance Of Voltage Transformers
• Current Transformers Theory ,Characteristics And Applications
• Installation Of Current-Transformers
• safety Precautions
•  
• Grounding secondary circuits of instrument transformers

Protection Relays

• Electromechanical Relays
• Digital Microprocessor based Relay
• Time – Overcurrent Relays
• Instantaneous Current –Voltage Relays
• Directional -Sensing Power Relays
• Polar Unit
• Distance Relays (Source Impedance Ratio)
• Directional Comparison Relaying
• Phase Comparison Relaying
• Ground Over-current Relays (Earth fault relays)

Protective Relays Testing And Maintenance

• Introduction
• Type Tests
• Routine Factory Production Tests
• Commissioning Tests
• Periodic Maintenance Checks
• Electrical Type Tests
• Electromagnetic Compatibility Tests
• C Interrupt Test
• C. Ripple on D.C. Supply
• C. Ramp Down/Ramp Up
• High Frequency Disturbance Test
• Fast Transient Test
• Surge Immunity Test
• Power Frequency Interference Test
• Electrostatic Discharge Test
• Conducted and Radiated Emissions Tests
• Conducted and Radiated Immunity Tests
• Power Frequency Magnetic Field Tests
• Product Safety Type Tests
• Dielectric Voltage Withstand Testing
• Insulation Withstand for Over-voltages
• Single Fault Condition Assessment
• Earth Bonding Impedance
• CE Marking
• Environmental Type Tests
• Temperature Test
• Humidity Test
• Cyclic Temperature/Humidity Test
• Enclosure Protection Test
• Mechanical Tests
• Software Type Tests
• Static Unit Testing
• Dynamic Testing
• Unit Testing Environment
• Software/Software Integration Testing
• Software/Hardware Integration Testing
• Validation Testing
• Traceability of Validation Tests
• Software Modifications - Regression Testing
• Dynamic Validation Type Testing
• Use of Power System Analogue Models
• Use of Microprocessor Based Simulation Equipment
• Production Testing
• Commissioning Tests
• Insulation Tests
• Relay Self-Test Procedure
• Current Transformer Tests
• Voltage Transformer Tests
• Protection Relay Setting Checks
• Schemes using Digital or Numerical Relay Technology
• Schemes using Electromechanical/Static Relay Technology
• Test Circuits for Secondary Injection Testing
• Primary Injection Tests
• Testing Of Protection Scheme Logic
• Tripping And Alarm Annunciation Tests
• Periodic Maintenance Tests
• Frequency of Inspection and Testing
• Maintenance Tests
• Protection Scheme Design For Maintenance
• Maintenance For Microprocessor Relays
• Troubleshooting
• Troubleshooting Charts

Low Voltage Circuit Breakers

Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCB)

• What Are Moulded Case Circuit Breakers?
• Circuit Breaker Components
• Ratings and Environment
• Motor Circuit Protectors
• Fuse vs. Circuit Breaker
• Accessories and Modifications
• Mounting and Enclosures
• Selection of molded case circuit breakers :
• MCCB CURVES

Air Circuit Breaker (ACB)

• Air Circuit Breaker Components
• Air Break Circuit-breaker Panel
• Air Break Circuit-breaker Truck
• Operating Mechanisms
• Air Blast Circuit Breakers

Fuses

• The High Rupturing Capacity (HRC) Fuse
• Fusing Element
• Fuse Mountings
• Fusing Factor
• Service of Fuses
• Specification of Fuses
• Trigger Fuses

Coordination Of Electrical Power systems

High Voltage Circuit Breakers

Air Break Circuit-Breakers (ACB)

Oil Circuit-Breakers (OCB)

SF6 Circuit-Breakers (SF6 CB)

SF6 Circuit Breaker (GIS)

Vacuum Circuit Breakers ( VCB )  

Generator Protection

Motor Protection

Transformer Protection

Bus Bar Protection

CDGA attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing a minimum of 80% of the total course duration.