On completion of the course, the student will understand what factors contribute to the formation and growth of crack‐like features and seam-weld anomalies on pipelines. In addition, the participant will be able to gather and analyze the type and extent of cracking found, key operational parameters, pipe material properties, full-scale testing data, and ILI crack tool data, and to apply industry-recognized engineering methods for developing and recommending appropriate remedial action.

Documentation and Materials:

Participants will receive a full set of course slides and notes in paper and electronic form, in color throughout.

• Pipeline engineers and maintenance personnel who are involved or responsible for the maintenance, inspection, assessments and repair of pipeline systems.
• Non-Destructive Inspection personnel who wish to acquire or increase their knowledge of crack formation and growth on pipelines

Material Behavior and Engineering Fracture Mechanics

• Fracture of metals. Brittle and ductile fracture behavior. Engineering mechanics of crack formation and growth. What factors drive the formation and growth of cracks on pipelines?
• Engineering equations that govern stresses around a crack

Characteristics and Behavior of Cracks Found on Pipelines

• What are the various forms of cracks and seam-weld related anomalies typically found on pipelines? Description of SCC or corrosion fatigue, hydrogen-induced, hook cracks, seam-weld anomalies: lack of fusion, cold welds, stitching,
• Are material inclusions, laminations and roll-in slug/scab cracks or not?

Evaluating Crack Severity

• What are significant cracks on pipelines? Review of US and Canadian guidelines.
• When do cracks become a safety threat to the pipeline?
• Selecting an appropriate failure criterion
• Evaluating methods for determining crack severity:

• • • NG‐18 Equation derived: KAPA, PAFFC
    • Failure Assessment Diagram derived: API‐579, BS-7910
    • CorLAS

• Determining the severity of cracks expected to fail at MAOP and at a Safety Factor x MAOP (such as 1.39 MAOP or 110% SMYS)
• Elements of an O&M procedure for addressing crack severity. What are the guidelines in your O&M procedure with respect to addressing the severity of cracking?

Repairing Crack-like Features and Seam Weld Anomalies

• Repairing by buffing out, installing a sleeve systems or cut out. What are the factors that determine an appropriate repair of crack-like indications and seam weld anomalies?
• Review recommended and appropriate repairs options: ASME, API, PRCI/PDAM, and applicable regulations
• Latest research and developments on repairing cracks
• What are the repair options for cracks in your O&M procedures?

Appropriate Crack Assessments

• Factors to consider when deciding the most appropriate assessment method or methods for a particular pipelines segment. When do these assessment methods complement each other to enhance existing remediation program?

CDGA attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing minimum of 80% of the total course duration.